How Does A Primer Work?

 

Small Pistol Primer
Small Pistol Primer

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Federal Primers Federal Match Small Pistol Primers (1000)

 

Ammunition Primers

What is a primer (for ammunition) and how does it work? Here is a brief pictorial explanation of what a primer is and how a primer works. See also Ammunition Reloading Instruction & Reviews.

 

 

Wolf Small Pistol Primer

This is a picture of a Wolf Small Pistol Primer used for reloading small pistol caliber ammunitions. Tweezers are used to handle the primers. You are not suppose to touch them with your fingers or hands  as contamination with body oils may degrade the primers and cause a malfunction.

 

Wolf Primer Detail

A small pistol primer is made up of 3 major components, the anvil, the case and the impact sensitive explosive.

The anvil is the brass colored triangular insert. The pink color is the explosive, and the case is the silver colored outer shell. 

 

Primer Anvil

The  small pistol primer anvil (inverted view) holds the shock sensitive explosive against the bottom of the primer and also provide a "flash hole" for the flame to ignite the gun powder.

 

Primer Case

This picture shows a used empty primer case (cup). Note the indentation in the bottom caused by the striking of a firing pin.

 

Shock Sensitive Explosive

No picture available. Lead Styphnate is commonly used in primers. It is classified as an extremely sensitive initiating explosive.

 
 

Primer Impact Point

Bottom view of a small pistol primer. This is where the firing pin of the gun hits the primer. 


Factory Installed (Blazer Brass) Small Pistol Primer

This picture shows unfired primers installed in Blazer Brass factory 9mm Luger ammunition.


Small Pistol Primers Used in 9mm Luger Ammo

This picture shows a variety of used primers in 9mm Luger cases. Note the different shapes and indents caused by the firing pins.

Fired Primers 

This picture shows an assortment of used small pistol primers (face down) after they have been  removed from 9mm Luger cases.

Spent Primers  

This picture shows an assortment of used small pistol primers (face up) after they have been  removed from 9mm Luger cases.

What Is A Primer?

With regard to firearms, a primer is a device used for containing an explosive shock sensitive compound that may be exploded by percussion or other means for the purpose of igniting a charge of gun powder.

 

How Does A Modern Pistol Primer Work?

A modern pistol primer is a small metal container (cup) that is open on one end and rounded on the other. This cup is usually made from a soft metal such as brass or copper. A small amount of an impact sensitive explosive compound (commonly lead styphnate) is placed in the cup and is held against the back of the cup by a three legged metal "anvil". A sealant may be applied to the anvil and explosive compound to guard against moisture and exposure from oils and chemicals (contamination). The sudden impact of a firing pin on the back of the primer dents the back of the cup inward and squeezes the explosive between the anvil and the wall of the cup. This impact causes the explosive to detonate shooting a small flame forward through the flash hole igniting the gun powder inside the bullet casing. The rapidly burning gun powder (smokeless powder) increases the pressure in the casing and forces the bullet down the barrel of the gun.

 

What is Lead Styphnate?

Lead Styphnate is classified as an extremely sensitive initiating explosive. According the MSDS it is not flammable or combustible. It will explode at high temperatures (626 Deg. F) and becomes unstable with mechanical shock, impact or electrical (static) discharge.

 

Lead Styphnate MSDS
http://www.design.caltech.edu/micropropulsion/msds_w79.pdf

 

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